Abbreviations

An abbreviation is a short shorm of a phrase or a word. We often abbreviate the word or phrase using the first letters (capital) of each word. 

ADHD - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disoder
UFO - Unidentified Flying Object
ASAP - As Soon As Possible
PC - Personal Computer
TV - Television
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy
CD-ROM - Compact Disk with a Read Only Memory
EEG - Electro-EncephaloGraph

NB: Each letter is pronounced saparately, but the last letter is pronounced more strongly, because it carries the primary stress.

 e.g.: USA, ASAP, ABC, TV

Acronym

This is a form of an abbreviation and we don't pronounce it as individual letters, we pronounce it as a word.
e.g.: IELTS - International English Language Testing System
AIDS - Acquired Immune Defficiency Syndrome
RAM - Rendom Access Memory
ASEAN - Association of South East Asian Nations

NB: In formal writing it is necessary to write the abbreviashion in full and place an abbreviation in brackets
e.g.: An electro-encephalograph (EEG) can help treat patients.

Focus on the Suggested Topic

How do you know if your child has ADHD? An EEG brain scan helps answer that, say the Swissburne researchers. Jacques Duff is a psychologist and is of Richard's PhD students. A computer programme will compare Xavier's brain scan with a database of scans of ADHD sufferers.

Names:

first/ christian/ given name: Jacques, Xavier
last name/ surname/ family name: Duff