Focus on the Vocabulary

• fungi - гриби
• lignin - лігнін
• resistant - стійкий 
• in turn - в свою чергу, а потім
• organic matter - органічна речовина
• soil - грунт

Focus on the Topic

They occur naturally in the forests as wood degrading fungi. That's their job. When trees die, they grow on the tree. They break down the lignin and the cellulose, which is the most resistant form of carbon and they break it down, produce mushrooms and in turn you end up with organic matter going back into the soil, and so the carbon cycle in the forest goes on.

What is a cycle?

• a process that is repeated over and over again, goes around and around
• a number of related events that happen again and again in the same order

The process goes on = the process begins again = the process repeats itself

How to describe the stages of a cycle?

• transition signals (when, once, then, next, in turn)
• punctuation

e.g.: When trees die, they grow on the tree.

The stages:
1. The trees die.
2. The fungi grow on the tree.
3. The fungi break down the tree.
4. They produce mushrooms.
5. The organic matter goes back into the soil.
The carbon cycle in the forest goes again.

Phrasal Verbs (Verb+preposition)

- are idiomatic
- pollysemantic
- less formal

e.g.:
break up = decompose, finish
end up = finish
go back = return
go on = continue

Writing Tips

- use various sentence types
- join sipmle sentences together using:

• punctuation
• conjunctions
• connectors

e.g.:
They break down the lignin and the cellulose, which is the most resistant form of carbon and they break it down, produce mushrooms and in turn you end up with organic matter going back into the soil, and so the carbon cycle in the forest goes on.