Focus on Vocabulary

• vein - вена
• clot - згусток, тромб
• calf - литка
• pelvis - таз
• dislodge - заносити
• haul flight - переліт
• stationary - нерухомий
• diuretic - сечогінний
• cramped/compressed - стиснутий
• to dehydrate - втрачати воду
• to trap - закупорювати
• Deep vein thrombosis - Тромбоз вен
• stick - клейкий

Focus on the Topic

Deep vein thrombosis is where a clot forms in the calf veins and occasionally in the veins of the leg, sometimes in the veins of the pelvis, and this is a great concern, because the clot may dislodge travelling with the flow of bood into the right side of the heart and from there into the lung. When we are travelling on long haul flights, several things happen. First of all, we're stationary. We're not moving our legs, so there's no physiological compression of the calf muscules. Blood tends to sit in the veins and may clot. Number two, the environment is dry. We dehydrate, we may drink some alcohol. We dehydrate even further. Alcohol's a diuretic and it results in us actually drying out, and that makes the blood a little bit thicker and sticker, and these factors lead to clotting. Sometimes, in perhaps particularly the economy section of an aeroplane, we may be a little bit cramped and our leg may be slightly compressed on the seat. This could further prevent blood flow to the heart and trap blood in the leg, where clotting may occur.

Ways to express possibility in the future

Modal verbs:

• may 

I may come in tomorrow = in the future I will possibly come in, but it's not definite

• could

It could rain tomorrow. It's not definite, but it might rain.

Adverbials (may be put in different places within a sentence):

• perhaps

perhaps I will = possibly/maybe I will, but I am not sure

• possibly

Phrases

• I guess
• I imagine
• I suspect

Ways of Listing Ideas

• Topic Sentence (the 1st sentence) and controlling idea (within a topic sentence)

When we are travelling on long haul flights, several things happen.

• Supporting Sentences (to list the thing that will happen and discuss them in detail)

First of all, we're stationary. We're not moving our legs, so there's no physiological compression of the calf muscules. Blood tends to sit in the veins and may clot.
Number two, the environment is dry. We dehydrate, we may drink some alcohol.

• Transition Signals (to keep discussing factors):

Another factor is...
In addition, ...
Additionaly, ...
Furthermore, ...
Above all, ...
Next, ... (informal)

• To introduce the last reason/item:

Finally, ...
Lastly, ...

Defining Terms:

1. Name
2. verb 'to be'
3. Class
4. Which/who/where/that
5. Characteristics

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is where a clot forms in the calf veins and occasionally in the veins of the leg, sometimes in the veins of the pelvis, and this is a great concern, because the clot may dislodge travelling with the flow of bood into the right side of the heart and from there into the lung.